GLYCAEMIC CONTROL OF TYPE 2 DIABETIC PATIENTS WITH SELF-MONITORING OF BLOOD GLUCOSE DURING RAMADAN FASTING IN JAKARTA INDONESIA

Abstract

INTRODUCTION
Ramadan is a month in the Islamic calendar when Moslems fast every day. According to demographic study in 2010, Islam believers in Indonesia equal to 87,18% of its total population. The purpose of this study was to evaluate glucose reading provided by self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) in type 2 Diabetes (T2D) patients during Ramadan fasting.

METHODOLOGY
This is an observational study that recruited T2D patients who practiced fasting during the month of Ramadan. Patients were advised to monitor their blood sugar on the last day of each week of Ramadan including before and after suhoor, in the morning, at noon, in the afternoon, also before and after iftar. Patients were educated before Ramadan about diet, medication and SMBG by glucose reading meters. We evaluated glycaemic control of patients and the rates of hypoglycaemia and hyperglycaemia

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION
Twenty-five patients fulfilled SMBG record with a total of 458 readings by glucose meters. Mean of blood glucose levels during fasting is 164.34±72.661 mg/dL, with minimum 72 mg/dL and maximum 443 mg/dL. After iftar evidently has the highest mean blood glucose level (214,1 mg/dL) between other times. There are only two patients who reported symptomatic hypoglycaemia, but no one categorized as biochemical hypoglycaemia that should be recommended to break the fast at the day. The rate of hyperglycaemia is 7.6% of SMBG readings among all the results.