Comparison of the Clinical and Biochemical Profile of Metabolic Syndrome Between Obese Children Below and Above 10-Years Old Attending Paediatric Clinic Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia from 2006 to 2015

Authors

  • Suhaimi Hussain Paediatric Department Hospital University Science Malaysia, School of Medical Sciences 16150 Kota Bharu Kelantan Malaysia http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7164-3076
  • Khoo Kay Men Universiti of Sains Malaysia Department of Paediatrics, School of Medical Sciences, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan
  • Noorizan Abd Majid Universiti of Sains Malaysia Department of Paediatrics, School of Medical Sciences, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan

Keywords:

obesity, metabolic syndrome, children, pediatric

Abstract

*Visual Abstracts prepared by Dr. Roy Raoul Felipe

Objective. We aim to compare the clinical and biochemical profile of metabolic syndrome between obese children below and above 10 years attending Paediatric clinic Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (HUSM) from 2006 to 2015. This is to determine if age, particularly the transition to puberty, modifies the prevalence of components of metabolic syndrome in obese children.

Methodology. The medical records of 84 obese children under 18 years of age seen at Paediatric clinic HUSM from 2006 to 2015 were reviewed. Demographic (age, gender, ethnicity), anthropometric (weight and height), clinical [body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP)] and biochemical [serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), fasting plasma glucose (FPG)] parameters were recorded, analyzed and compared.

Results. Majority of subjects in both age groups were boys, with 68.2% <10 years old. Mean age was 9.69 years (±3.36). The clinical and biochemical parameters of metabolic syndrome were similar between those <10 years old and >10 years, with the exception of BMI, waist circumference, SBP and TG level. Multivariate regression analysis showed that the parameters of metabolic syndrome significantly associated with age ≥10 years were systolic hypertension (adjusted OR 7.17, 95% CI, 1.48 to 34.8) and BMI >30 kg/m2 (adjusted OR 3.02, 95% CI, 1.16 to 7.86).

Conclusion. There were similar clinical and biochemical parameters of metabolic syndrome in both age groups. The proportions of children with metabolic syndrome were similar regardless of age group. The overall prevalence rate of metabolic syndrome was 27.3%. In view of the alarming presence of components of metabolic syndrome even in children less than 10 years of age, efforts aimed at the prevention of childhood obesity in the community should be intensified.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biography

Suhaimi Hussain, Paediatric Department Hospital University Science Malaysia, School of Medical Sciences 16150 Kota Bharu Kelantan Malaysia

Paediatric Department

Senior Lecturer, Paediatrician, Paediatric Endocrinologist

References

World Health Organization. Report of the Commission on Ending Childhood Obesity. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization, 2016. http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/204176/1/9789241510066_eng.pdf?ua=1.

Institute for Public Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia. National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS) 2015 Fact Sheet. http://www.iku.gov.my/images/IKU/Document/REPORT/NHMS2015-FactSheet.pdf.

Cook S, Weitzman M, Auinger P, Nguyen M, Dietz WH. Prevalence of a metabolic syndrome phenotype in adolescents: findings from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1994. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2003;157(8):821-7. PMID: 12912790. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpedi.157.8.821.

Guo SS, Wu W, Chumlea WC, Roche AF. Predicting overweight and obesity in adulthood from body mass index values in childhood and adolescence. Am J Clin Nutr. 2002;76(3):653-8. PMID: 12198014.

Whitaker RC, Wright JA, Pepe MS, Seidel KD, Dietz WH. Predicting obesity in young adulthood from childhood and parental obesity. N Engl J Med. 1997;337(13):869-73. PMID: 9302300. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199709253371301.

Zimmet P, Alberti KG, Kaufman F, et al; IDF Consensus Group. The metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents - an IDF consensus report. Pediatr Diabetes. 2007;8(5):299-306. PMID: 17850473. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-5448.2007.00271.x.

Silveira LS, Buonani C, Monteiro PA, Mello Antunes BM, Freitas Júnior IF. Metabolic syndrome: criteria for diagnosing in children and adolescents. Endocrinol Metab Synd. 2013;2:118. https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-1017.1000118.

Weiss R, Dziura J, Burgert TS, et al. Obesity and the metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents. N Engl J Med. 2004;350(23):2362-74. PMID: 15175438. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa031049.

Weiss R, Kaufman FR. Metabolic complications of childhood obesity: Identifying and mitigating the risk. Diabetes Care. 2008;31(Suppl 2):S310-6. PMID: 18227502. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc08-s273.

Quah YV, Poh BK, Ismail MN. Metabolic syndrome based on IDF criteria in a sample of normal weight and obese school children. Mal J Nutr. 2010;16(2):207-17. http://nutriweb.org.my/publications/mjn0016_2/PohBK%20207-217.pdf.

Wee BS, Poh BK, Bulgiba A, Ismail MN, Ruzita AT, Hills AP. Risk of metabolic syndrome among children living in metropolitan Kuala Lumpur: a case control study. BMC Public Health. 2011;11:333. PMID: 21592367. PMCID: PMC3111384. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-11-333.

Fadzlina AA, Harun F, Nurul Haniza MY, et al. Metabolic syndrome among 13 year old adolescents: prevalence and risk factors. BMC Public Health. 2014;14(Suppl 3):S7. PMID: 25437226. PMCID: PMC4251137. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-14-S3-S7.

Marshall WA, Tanner JM. Variations in pattern of pubertal changes in girls. Arch Dis Child. 1969;44(235):291-303. PMID: 5785179. PMCID: PMC2020314.

Marshall WA, Tanner JM. Variations in the pattern of pubertal changes in boys. Arch Dis Child. 1970;45(239):13-23. PMID: 5440182. PMCID: PMC2020414.

Chiarelli F, Marcovecchio ML. Insulin resistance and obesity in childhood. Eur J Endocrinol. 2008;159(Suppl 1):S67-74. PMID: 18805916. https://doi.org/10.1530/EJE-08-0245.

Sorof J, Daniels S. Obesity hypertension in children: a problem of epidemic proportions. Hypertension. 2002;40(4):441-7. PMID: 12364344.

Atabek ME, Pirgon O, Kurtoglu S. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in obese Turkish children and adolescents. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2006;72(3):315-21. PMID: 16325296. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2005.10.021.

Sangun Ö, Dündar B, Kӧşker M, Pirgon Ö, Dündar N. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in obese children and adolescents using three different criteria and evaluation of risk factors. J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol. 2011;3(2):70-6. PMID: 21750635. PMCID: PMC3119444. https://doi.org/ 10.4274/jcrpe.v3i2.15.

Rodrigues LG, Mattos AP, Koifman S. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in overweight and obese outpatient children and adolescents: comparative analysis using different clinical definitions. Rev Paul Pediatr. 2011;29(2):178-85.

de Ferranti SD, Gauvreau K, Ludwig DS, Neufeld EJ, Newburger JW, Rifai N. Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in American adolescents: findings from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Circulation. 2004;110(16):2494-7. PMID: 15477412. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.0000145117.40114.C7.

Rashidi H, Payami SP, Latifi SM, et al. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its correlated factors among children and adolescents of Ahvaz aged 10 - 19. J Diabetes Metab Disord. 2014;13:53. PMID: 24860794. PMCID: PMC4031928. https://doi.org/10.1186/2251-6581-13-53.

Friend A, Craig L, Turner S. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in children: a systematic review of the literature. Metab Syndr Relat Disord. 2013;11(2):71-80. PMID: 23249214. https://doi.org/10.1089/met.2012.0122.

Ferreira AP, Nóbrega Ode T, França NM. Association of body mass index and insulin resistance with metabolic syndrome in Brazilian children. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2009;93(2):147-53. PMID: 19838492.

Goran MI. Measurement issues related to studies of childhood obesity: assessment of body composition, body fat distribution, physical activity, and food intake. Pediatrics. 1998;101(3 Pt 2):505-18. PMID: 12224657.

Siwik V, Kutob R, Ritenbaugh C, et al. Intervention in overweight children improves body mass index (BMI) and physical activity. J Am Board Fam Med. 2013;26(2):126-37. PMID: 23471926. PMCID: PMC4010584. https://doi.org/10.3122/jabfm.2013.02.120118.

Reilly JJ, Dorosty AR, Emmett PM, Avon Longitudinal Study of Pregnancy and Childhood Study Team. Identification of the obese child: adequacy of the body mass index for clinical practice and epidemiology. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2000;24(12):1623-7. PMID: 11126215.

Mei Z, Grummer-Strawn LM, Pietrobelli A, Goulding A, Goran MI, Dietz WH. Validity of body mass index compared with other body-composition screening indexes for the assessment of body fatness in children and adolescents. Am J Clin Nutr. 2002;75(6):978-85. PMID: 12036802.

Bacha F, Saad R, Gungor N, Arslanian SA. Are obesity-related metabolic risk factors modulated by the degree of insulin resistance in adolescents? Diabetes Care. 2006;29(7):1599-604. PMID: 16801585. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc06-0581.

Published

2017-10-14

How to Cite

Hussain, S., Men, K. K., & Majid, N. A. (2017). Comparison of the Clinical and Biochemical Profile of Metabolic Syndrome Between Obese Children Below and Above 10-Years Old Attending Paediatric Clinic Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia from 2006 to 2015. Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies, 32(2), 132. Retrieved from https://asean-endocrinejournal.org/index.php/JAFES/article/view/415

Issue

Section

Original Articles