ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF EXERCISE ON BLOOD SUGAR CONTROL

A STUDY AMONG HOSPITAL STAFF IN TELUK INTAN, MALAYSIA

Abstract

INTRODUCTION/BACKGROUND
With Malaysia experiencing a high prevalence of diabetes mellitus and obesity, emphasis is placed on promoting healthy lifestyle interventions such as dietary modifications and, notably, exercise. Exercise enhances insulin sensitivity, aids in managing blood glucose levels and promotes weight reduction.

METHODOLOGY
This research aims to determine the impact of exercise on glycemic control by investigating the effect of a 3-kilometer walk on glucose levels. The study was exclusive to hospital staff. Blood glucose levels were measured using a glucometer before and after the 3-km walk. The walk was conducted without breaks, and participants refrained from consuming food or drinks during the activity.

RESULTS
Ninety-six individuals participated in the exercise, with 64% classified as overweight or higher. Mean age was 38.9 years. All of the participants completed the 3 km walk in 30 minutes. Only 76 individuals consented to have their glucose levels checked before and after the exercise. Among the participants, 5.3% (n = 4) had pre-existing diabetes. The average sugar level before the 3 km walk was 6.12 mmol/L and decreased to 5.43 mmol/L after walking, indicating a mean reduction of 0.69 mmol/L. Gender and BMI had no significant impact on the difference in mean glucose levels. However, there was a notable difference in glucose levels among age groups, particularly in the older age group (51-60 years old), which showed a significant difference (P = 0.038) compared to the younger age group.

CONCLUSION
Walking provides a safe and accessible option for managing diabetes. Walking for 3 km can decrease sugar levels by up to 0.7 mmol/L within 30 mins. Additionally, it was observed that older patients experience a more pronounced reduction in glucose levels compared to younger individuals. Given that a significant proportion of patients with diabetes patients fall within the older age group, exercise is essential for better glycemic control.