COMPARISON OF LIPID PROFILES OF PATIENTS WITH PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS (TB) WITH AND WITHOUT HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS (HIV)

Abstract

INTRODUCTION
Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) can co-occur with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). The inflammatory condition that accompany the infection causes the release of free radicals and Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) which can affect the lipid profile through increase of lipid peroxidase. Previous studies showed that low serum triglycerides were found in TB and HIV-positive patients compared to the control group. Hypocholesterolemia encourages the development of TB while hypercholesterolemia leads to protection against TB with Mtb. This condition needs to be considered because it can affect the prognosis of HIV coinfected TB. The purpose of this study is to compare lipid profiles in patients with TB with and without
infection with HIV.

METHODOLOGY
This is a comparative analytic study. Data were taken from medical records. The population of this study were all patients with pulmonary TB with and without HIV infection in Haji Adam Malik Medan General Hospital on January 2014 to October 2018 with 72 samples for each group. Simple random sampling method was used. Data were analyzed using independent t test and MannWhitney U test.

RESULTS
We found that triglyceride levels were significantly higher in TB-HIV group (p<0,05) compared to TB group. The Zidovudin+Lamivudin+Efaviren regimen caused an increase in lipid profiles compared to other regimens. There were no significant differences in LDL, HDL and total cholesterol between the two groups.

CONCLUSION
The triglyceride levels in pulmonary TB-HIV patients are higher than pulmonary TB patients without HIV.