The Association between Maternal Serum Vitamin D Levels and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus among Filipino Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study

Carmen Carina  Cabrera; Oliver Allan Dampil; Albert Macaire Ong-Lopez

doi:10.15605/jafes.035.02.04

Authors

Carmen Carina Cabrera St. Luke's Medical Center - Quezon City http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6190-9152
Oliver Allan Dampil St. Luke's Medical Center - Quezon City
Albert Macaire Ong-Lopez St. Luke's Medical Center - Quezon City

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15605/jafes.035.02.04

Keywords:

gestational diabetes mellitus, gestational diabetes, vitamin D deficiency

Abstract

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*Visual Abstracts prepared by Dr. Carmen Carina Cabrera

Objectives: To determine the association between low maternal serum vitamin D and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) among Filipino women in St. Luke’s Medical Center – Quezon City.

Methodology: A cross-sectional study involving pregnant women at outpatient clinics in a tertiary hospital in the Philippines. Simultaneous testing for fasting blood sugar, 75g oral glucose tolerance test and serum vitamin D was done. Participants were classified as GDM versus non-GDM, and normal versus low serum vitamin D. Univariate and multivariate statistics were done to determine relationship between vitamin D and GDM.

Results: Of 211 included women, 198 (93.8%) had low vitamin D levels, and 56 (26.5%) had GDM. Vitamin D was significantly higher in the GDM group (21.0±8.1 vs 18.8±5.3 ng/mL, p=0.0189). The proportion of women with low vitamin D levels was significantly higher among those without GDM (96.1% vs 87.5%, OR=0.28, p=0.029]. After adjusting for age, parity, history of GDM and pre-pregnancy BMI, no significant association was observed (adjusted OR=0.66, p=0.522). No correlation was seen between vitamin D and FBS (r=0.28, p=0.095), 1-hour post-75 g OGTT (r=0.26, p=0.643), and 2-hour post-75 g OGTT (r=0.28, p=0.113).

Conclusion: There was an association found between maternal serum vitamin D level and GDM in the univariate analysis, but none was evident after adjusting for possible confounders. The unanticipated high prevalence of low vitamin D levels among pregnant Filipinos needs to be verified in future studies.

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Author Biographies

Carmen Carina Cabrera, St. Luke's Medical Center - Quezon City

Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism

Oliver Allan Dampil, St. Luke's Medical Center - Quezon City

Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism

Albert Macaire Ong-Lopez, St. Luke's Medical Center - Quezon City

Department of Medicine

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