Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and its Associated Risk Factors in Pediatric Obesity

Wan Muhammad Najib Wan Mahmud Sabri; Rashdan Zaki Mohamed; Najib Majdi Yaacob; Suhaimi Hussain

doi:10.15605/jafes.037.01.05

Authors

Wan Muhammad Najib Wan Mahmud Sabri Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1207-5109
Rashdan Zaki Mohamed Hospital Raja Perempuan Zainab II, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
Najib Majdi Yaacob Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
Suhaimi Hussain Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15605/jafes.037.01.05

Keywords:

prevalence, metabolic syndrome, risk factors, obese children

Abstract

Objective. We aimed to study the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and the factors associated with metabolic syndrome among obese children.

Methodology. We recruited 175 subjects, aged 7 to 18 years old, referred for obesity. We studied their demography (age, gender, ethnicity, family background), performed clinical/auxological examinations [weight, height, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), blood pressure (BP)], and analyzed their biochemical risks associated with metabolic syndrome [fasting plasma glucose (FPG), fasting lipid profile (FLP), fasting insulin, liver function tests (LFT)]. MetS was identified according to the criteria proposed by the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) for pediatric obesity. Multiple logistic regression models were used to examine the associations between risk variables and MetS.

Results. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome among children with obesity was 56% (95% CI: 48.6 to 63.4%), with a mean age of 11.3 ± 2.73 years. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed age [adjusted odds ratio (OR) 1.27, 95% CI: 1.15 to 1.45] and sedentary lifestyle (adjusted OR 3.57, 95% CI: 1.48 to 8.59) were the significant factors associated with metabolic syndrome among obese children.

Conclusion. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome among obese children referred to our centers was 56%. Older age group, male gender, birth weight, sedentary lifestyle, puberty and maternal history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) were found to be associated with MetS. However, older age group and sedentary lifestyle were the only significant predictors for metabolic syndrome.

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Author Biographies

Wan Muhammad Najib Wan Mahmud Sabri, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia

Paediatric Registrar

Rashdan Zaki Mohamed, Hospital Raja Perempuan Zainab II, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia

Consultant, Paediatric Endocrinologist

Najib Majdi Yaacob, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia

Medical Lecturer/Public Health Specialist

Suhaimi Hussain, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia

Consultant, Paediatric Endocrinologist

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