Neonatal Outcomes of Pregnancies Complicated by Maternal Hyperthyroidism

Adlina Awanis Mamat; Noraida Ramli; Najib Majdi Yaacob; Suhaimi Hussain

doi:10.15605/jafes.037.02.03

Authors

Adlina Awanis Mamat Department of Paediatrics, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3533-7039
Noraida Ramli Department of Paediatrics, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia
Najib Majdi Yaacob Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medical Science, Universiti Sains Malaysia
Suhaimi Hussain Department of Paediatrics, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15605/jafes.037.02.03

Keywords:

Infant of mother with maternal hyperthyroidism, maternal hyperthyroidism, Graves’ disease(GD), Thyroid function test(TFT)

Abstract

Objective. This study aimed to determine the proportion, clinical characteristics, hormonal status, median time for normalization of serum thyroxine (FT4) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and factors affecting time to thyroid function test (TFT) normalization of neonates born to mothers with maternal hyperthyroidism admitted in our institution.

Methodology. This was a retrospective cohort study that included 170 newborns admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (HUSM) with a history of maternal hyperthyroidism from January 2013 until December 2018. We analyzed their baseline demographic and clinical characteristics, maternal thyroid status and antibody levels. Finally, we analyzed newborn thyroid function and thyroid antibodies.

Results. The proportion of neonates born to mothers with maternal hyperthyroidism was 0.8% (170 of 20198 neonates within the study period). Seven (4.1%) developed overt hyperthyroidism, while four (2.4%) had thyroid storm. The median time for thyroid function test normalization was 30 days (95% CI: 27.1 to 32.8). The median time for TFT normalization was longer among neonates of mothers with positive thyroid antibodies [46.6 days ( 39.4)] and of mothers who received anti-thyroid treatment [31.7 days (95% CI, 23.5 to 39.9)].

Conclusion. Neonates born to mothers with hyperthyroidism is uncommon. These babies were observed to have a longer time for normalization of thyroid function tests if their mothers had thyroid antibodies or received anti-thyroid treatment.

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